What does PCM stand for in audio file formats?

PCM stands for Pulse Code Modulation, which is a method used to digitally represent analog signals, specifically audio signals. It works by sampling the amplitude of the audio waveform at regular intervals (the sample rate) and then quantizing these samples into binary values. This digital representation allows for greater precision and clarity in audio recording and reproduction.

Pulse Code Modulation is fundamental to many digital audio formats because it provides a straightforward and reliable method to convert sound waves into digital data. This format is widely used in various applications, from CDs to digital audio workstations and streaming services, making it an essential concept in both audio engineering and digital audio technology.

The other options provided do not accurately describe the standard method used to encode audio signals into a digital format. Therefore, understanding that PCM specifically refers to Pulse Code Modulation is crucial for anyone studying audio formats and digital audio processing.